By Logistics Update Africa, January 18, 2021
The International Air Transport Association (IATA) released data for global air freight markets in November showing that freight volumes improved compared to October, but remain depressed compared to 2019. Capacity remains constrained from the loss of available belly cargo space as passenger aircraft remain parked.
African airlines saw international demand fall by 1.7 percent year-on-year in November, after three months of positive year-on-year growth. This is primarily driven by a soft performance on the Asia-Africa route, which was down 4.5 percent year-on-year. International capacity decreased by 19.4 percent.
Global demand, measured in cargo tonne-kilometers (CTKs), was 6.6 percent below previous-year levels in November (-7.7 percent for international operations). This was on par with the 6.2 percent year-on-year drop in October. The year-on-year decline is skewed as November 2019 had a boost in demand from the waning US-China trade war.
Seasonally adjusted demand (CTKs) continued to improve, increasing 1.6 percent month-on-month in November. This was a slight improvement over the monthly growth rate of 1.1 percent in October. Current month-on-month gains indicate that seasonally adjusted CTKs will return to 2019 levels around March or April 2021.
Global capacity, measured in available cargo tonne-kilometres (ACTKs), shrank by 20 percent in November (-21.3 percent for international operations) compared to the previous year. That is nearly three times larger than the contraction in demand. The capacity crunch is caused by a 53 percent decrease in belly capacity. This has only been partially offset by a 20 percent increase in freighter capacity.
Strong regional variations continue with North American carriers reporting year-on-year gains in demand (+5 percent), while all other regions remained in negative territory compared to a year earlier.
Economic conditions in November, normally the peak season for air cargo, remained positive.
The new export orders component of the manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) remained in growth territory in both developed and emerging markets for the third month in a row after two years of indicating negative growth.
Retail sales for November were up by around 5 percent over 2019 for both China and the US, propelled by events like Black Friday and Singles Day.
“Air cargo demand is still down 6.6 percent compared to the previous year; however, we are seeing continuing month-on-month improvements. Severe capacity constraints persist as large parts of the passenger fleet remain grounded. This will put pressure on the industry as it gears up to deliver vital Covid-19 vaccines,” said Alexandre de Juniac, IATA’s director general and CEO.
Asia-Pacific airlines reported a decline in year-on-year international demand of 9.5 percent in November 2020 compared to the same month a year earlier. This was a 2.2 percent improvement from the 11.7 percent fall in October 2020. While international traffic within the region remains weak (down 19.6 percent year-on-year in November), exports on the Asia-North America and Asia-Europe routes are strong, driven by demand for e-commerce and PPE. International capacity remained constrained in the region, down 25.3 percent. However, this was an improvement over the 28.5 percent fall the previous month.
North American carriers posted a 1 percent increase in international demand in November compared to the previous year—just the third month of growth in 12 months. This stronger performance compared to the rest of the industry was driven by a less stringent capacity crunch compared to other regions, with international capacity only down 12.7 percent in November. Strong traffic on the Asia-North America routes also contributed to the performance, reflecting rising e-commerce demand for products manufactured in Asia.
European carriers reported a decrease in international demand of 13.7 percent in November compared to the previous year. This was a 2.7 percent decline in performance compared to October 2020. Air cargo in the region has been significantly affected by the resurgence of the Covid-19 virus and the impact of lockdowns on consumer demand and business activity. Lack of capacity remains a challenge, as international capacity decreased 24.9 percent in November.
Middle Eastern carriers reported a decline of 2.2 percent in year-on-year international cargo volumes in November, 1.1 percent deterioration from October. The lack of international connectivity is hampering air cargo recovery in the region, however seasonally adjusted demand remains on an upward trend. International capacity decreased by 18.6 percent.
Latin American carriers reported a decline of 19.4 percent in international cargo volumes in November compared to the previous year. This was a drop from the 12.2 percent fall in October 2020. Air cargo in the region has been significantly affected by the resurgence of the Covid-19 virus and the impact of lockdowns on consumer demand and business activity. International capacity decreased 24.8 percent in November, an improvement from the 28.9 percent fall in October.
